{"id":1181,"date":"2012-03-01T16:40:26","date_gmt":"2012-03-01T16:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/?page_id=1181"},"modified":"2014-11-03T15:41:02","modified_gmt":"2014-11-03T15:41:02","slug":"dsm-v","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/noutati-2\/dsm-v\/","title":{"rendered":"DSM V"},"content":{"rendered":"

Edi\u021bia a cincea a Manualului de diagnostic \u0219i statistic\u0103 a tulbur\u0103rilor mentale<\/em> (DSM<\/strong>), care va intra \u00een vigoare \u00een 2013<\/strong>, \u00ee\u0219i propune s\u0103 revizuiasc\u0103 criteriile de diagnosticare a Tulbur\u0103rilor din Spectrul Autismului, care au dat na\u0219tere \u00een trecut la diagnostic\u0103ri gre\u0219ite \u0219i mult\u0103 confuzie \u00een r\u00e2ndul pacien\u021bilor \u0219i al familiilor acestora. \u00cen acest sens, s-a lansat pe site-ul oficial<\/a> pentru dezbatere public\u0103 urm\u0103toarea propunere de definire a Autismului:<\/p>\n

Revizuit la 26 ianuarie 2011<\/em><\/p>\n

Tulbur\u0103ri din Spectrul Autist<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trebuie s\u0103 fie \u00eent\u00e2lnite manifest\u0103ri din A, B, C, D<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

A. Deficite persistente \u00een comunicarea social\u0103 \u0219i interac\u021biunea social\u0103<\/strong> \u00een toate contextele, nemanifestate ca \u00eent\u00e2rzieri de dezvoltare generale, care s\u0103 se reg\u0103seasc\u0103 \u00een toate cele 3 arii descrise mai jos:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Deficite \u00een reciprocitatea socio-emo\u021bional\u0103: pornind de la manifest\u0103ri de apropiere social\u0103 anormal\u0103 \u0219i imposibilitatea men\u021binerii unei conversa\u021bii din cauza lipsei de reciprocitate afectiv\u0103, emo\u021bional\u0103, de interese \u0219i ajung\u00e2nd p\u00e2n\u0103 la absen\u021ba total\u0103 de ini\u021biativ\u0103 \u00een interac\u021biunile sociale.<\/li>\n
  2. Deficite \u00een comportamentele de comunicare non-verbal\u0103 folosite \u00een interac\u021biunea social\u0103: pornind de la comunicare non-verbal\u0103 \u0219i verbal\u0103 foarte slab\u0103 (anormalit\u0103\u021bi \u00een contactul vizual, limbaj corporal) sau deficite \u00een \u00een\u021belegerea \u0219i folosirea comunic\u0103rii non-verbale \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 la absen\u021ba complet\u0103 a expresiilor faciale \u0219i a gesturilor \u00een comunicare.<\/li>\n
  3. Deficite \u00een dezvoltarea \u0219i men\u021binerea rela\u021biilor sociale (\u00een afara rela\u021biilor cu anturajul, \u00eengrijitorii): pornind de la dificult\u0103\u021bi de adaptare a comportamentelor \u00een func\u021bie de contextele sociale diferite, dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een participarea la jocuri imaginative \u0219i la formarea prieteniilor p\u00e2n\u0103 la absen\u021ba total\u0103 a interesului pentru ceilal\u021bi oameni.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    B. Comportamente, interese \u0219i activit\u0103\u021bi restrictive, repetitive<\/strong> (stereotipe), manifestate \u00een cel pu\u021bin 2 dintre urm\u0103toarele arii:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Vorbire, mi\u0219care motorie \u0219i utilizare de obiecte \u00een mod stereotip (repetitiv): precum simple mi\u0219c\u0103ri stereotipe, ecolalia, utilizarea repetitiv\u0103 a obiectelor, utilizarea de secven\u021be idiosincratice.<\/li>\n
    2. Ata\u0219ament excesiv la rutin\u0103, comportamente \u0219i vorbire ritualizate sau rezisten\u021b\u0103 excesiv\u0103 la schimbare: de pild\u0103 ritualuri motorii, insisten\u021b\u0103 \u00een a m\u00e2nca aceea\u0219i m\u00e2ncare, \u00een a merge pe acela\u0219i drum, folosirea acelora\u0219i \u00eentreb\u0103ri sau apari\u021bia stresului la mici schimb\u0103ri.<\/li>\n
    3. Interese fixiste, restrictive manifestate cu o concentra\u021bie maxim\u0103, o intensitate anormal\u0103: precum ata\u0219ament\/ preocupare puternic\u0103 pentru obiecte neobi\u0219nuite, interese excesive manifestate cu perseveren\u021b\u0103.<\/li>\n
    4. Hiper- sau hiporeactivitate la stimuli senzoriali sau un interes neobi\u0219nuit pentru caracterul senzorial al mediului (de pild\u0103, indiferen\u021b\u0103 la durere\/c\u0103ldur\u0103\/frig, reac\u021bii neobi\u0219nuite la anume sunete sau texturi, atingere sau mirosire excesiv\u0103 a obiectelor, fascina\u021bie pentru lumin\u0103 sau pentru \u00eenv\u00e2rtirea obiectelor).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C. Simptomele trebuie s\u0103 fie prezente din copil\u0103ria timpurie<\/strong> (chiar dac\u0103 nu se manifest\u0103 integral p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een momentul \u00een care cerin\u021bele sociale dep\u0103\u0219esc capacit\u0103\u021bile limitate).<\/p>\n

      D. Toate aceste simptome limiteaz\u0103 \u0219i \u00eengreuneaz\u0103 func\u021bionarea fireasc\u0103 a individului zilnic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Edi\u021bia a cincea a Manualului de diagnostic \u0219i statistic\u0103 a tulbur\u0103rilor mentale (DSM), care va intra \u00een vigoare \u00een 2013, \u00ee\u0219i propune s\u0103 revizuiasc\u0103 criteriile de diagnosticare a Tulbur\u0103rilor din Spectrul Autismului, care au dat na\u0219tere \u00een trecut la diagnostic\u0103ri gre\u0219ite \u0219i mult\u0103 confuzie \u00een r\u00e2ndul pacien\u021bilor \u0219i al familiilor acestora. \u00cen acest sens, s-a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":195,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1181","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1181"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2053,"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1181\/revisions\/2053"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/autismancaar.ro\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}